Fiber Content Percentages
Both US and EU laws require textiles to be labeled with their fiber content percentages. Fibers must be listed in descending order by weight using their generic names (e.g., polyester, cotton, elastane).
In the US, fibers present in amounts less than 5% can often be grouped as 'Other Fibers' unless they serve a specific functional purpose, like spandex for stretch. The EU requires precise generic names as defined in their textile regulations, and trade names can only be used alongside the generic name.
Manufacturer Identification (RN Numbers)
A textile label must identify the business responsible for the product. In the US, companies can use their full business name or a Registered Identification Number (RN) issued by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The RN takes up less space and simplifies label design.
In the EU, an RN number is not valid. Labels must instead carry the manufacturer's or importer's registered trademark or their full name and postal address, ensuring direct accountability within the European market.
Country of Origin Requirements
Consumers have a right to know where their clothing is made. The US Customs and Border Protection heavily enforces country of origin labeling. The label must state 'Made in [Country]', and claiming 'Made in USA' is strictly reserved for products where virtually all materials and processing are of US origin.
EU rules regarding country of origin are complex. While some member states enforce their own 'Made in' labeling rules for imported goods, the EU as a whole strongly encourages transparent origin labeling to prevent consumer deception.
Care Instructions and Symbols
While fiber content tells you what the garment is, care labels tell you how to maintain it. The US FTC Care Labeling Rule requires manufacturers to provide complete, accurate washing and drying instructions, either written out or using approved ASTM symbols.
In Europe, GINETEX symbols are widely used. These symbols cover washing, bleaching, drying, ironing, and professional textile care. Providing accurate care instructions prevents damage to the garment and reduces manufacturer liability.
- Washing temperatures and methods.
- Bleaching permissions or warnings.
- Drying methods (tumble dry, line dry).
- Ironing temperatures.
Frequently asked questions
Can I use trade names for fibers on my label?
Trade names (like Lycra or Tencel) can be used, but they must be immediately accompanied by the generic fiber name (e.g., Elastane or Lyocell).
Do I need to list trims and ornamentation in the fiber content?
Trims and ornamentation not exceeding 15% of the surface area, and non-fibrous parts like buttons or zippers, do not need to be included in the percentage calculation.
What is an RN number?
A Registered Identification Number (RN) is issued by the FTC to US businesses and can be used on textile labels in place of the full company name.
Are care labels mandatory for all textile products?
Most apparel requires care labels, but certain items like hats, gloves, shoes, and purely decorative textiles are often exempt from FTC care labeling rules.